How many process groups are there in project management?

In project management, there are five process groups defined in the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) Guide. These groups serve as a framework for organizing and managing project activities throughout the project lifecycle.

The five process groups are:

1. Initiating: This process group involves defining and authorizing the project and identifying stakeholders. It sets the foundation for the project by clarifying the project's purpose and securing approval to begin.

2. Planning: During this phase, the project team develops a comprehensive project management plan that outlines how the project will be executed, monitored, and controlled. This includes determining project scope, resources, timeline, and risk management strategies.

3. Executing: This group focuses on carrying out the project plan. The work defined in the project management plan is performed to meet project specifications and achieve the project objectives.

4. Monitoring and Controlling: In this process group, project performance is tracked and measured. Adjustments are made as necessary to ensure that the project remains on track in terms of schedule, budget, and quality.

5. Closing: Finally, this phase involves finalizing all activities, settling contracts, and formally closing the project. It ensures that all deliverables are accepted and